89AcActinium227[Rn] 6d¹ 7s²
actinide actinium

Actinium

Actinium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Ac (not to be confused with the abbreviation for an acetyl group) and atomic number 89, which was discovered in 1899. It was the first non-primordial radioactive element to be isolated. Polonium, radium and radon were observed before actinium, but they were not isolated until 1902.

Electronic structure

A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.

Electrons by shell
Electron configuration
6d1
7s2

86 is the [Rn] core total across six shells.

Properties

At a glance

Atomic number
89
Atomic mass
227 u
Phase
Solid
Density
10 g/cm³
Melting point
1,500 K
Boiling point
3,500 K
First ionization energy
499 kJ/mol
Electronegativity
1.1
Electron affinity
33.77 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity
27.2 J/(mol·K)
Period
7
Appearance
Unavailable

Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.

Keep exploring

Explore the stories, imagery, and reference data in more depth. Properties with no value in the reference are marked unavailable.