88RaRadium226[Rn] 7s²
alkaline earth metal

Radium

Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88. It is the sixth element in group 2 of the periodic table, also known as the alkaline earth metals. Pure radium is almost colorless, but it readily combines with nitrogen (rather than oxygen) on exposure to air, forming a black surface layer of radium nitride (Ra3N2).

Electronic structure

A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.

Electrons by shell
Electron configuration
7s2

86 is the [Rn] core total across six shells.

Properties

At a glance

Atomic number
88
Atomic mass
226 u
Phase
Solid
Density
5.5 g/cm³
Melting point
1,233 K
Boiling point
2,010 K
First ionization energy
509.3 kJ/mol
Electronegativity
0.9
Electron affinity
9.6485 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity
Unavailable
Period
7
Appearance
silvery white metallic

Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.

Keep exploring

Explore the stories, imagery, and reference data in more depth. Properties with no value in the reference are marked unavailable.