74WTungsten183.841[Xe] 4f¹⁴ 5d⁴ 6s²
transition metal

Tungsten

Tungsten, also known as wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W and atomic number 74. The word tungsten comes from the Swedish language tung sten, which directly translates to heavy stone. Its name in Swedish is volfram, however, in order to distinguish it from scheelite, which in Swedish is alternatively named tungsten.

Electronic structure

A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.

Electrons by shell
Electron configuration
4f14
5d4
6s2

54 is the [Xe] core total across five shells.

Properties

At a glance

Atomic number
74
Atomic mass
183.841 u
Phase
Solid
Density
19.25 g/cm³
Melting point
3,695 K
Boiling point
6,203 K
First ionization energy
770 kJ/mol
Electronegativity
2.36
Electron affinity
78.76 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity
24.27 J/(mol·K)
Period
6
Appearance
grayish white, lustrous

Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.

Keep exploring

Explore the stories, imagery, and reference data in more depth. Properties with no value in the reference are marked unavailable.