Yttrium
Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and it has often been classified as a "rare earth element". Yttrium is almost always found combined with the lanthanides in rare earth minerals and is never found in nature as a free element.
A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.
36 is the [Kr] core total across four shells.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 39
- Atomic mass
- 88.905842 u
- Phase
- Solid
- Density
- 4.472 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 1,799 K
- Boiling point
- 3,203 K
- First ionization energy
- 600 kJ/mol
- Electronegativity
- 1.22
- Electron affinity
- 29.6 kJ/mol
- Molar heat capacity
- 26.53 J/(mol·K)
- Period
- 5
- Appearance
- silvery white
Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.
Keep exploring
Explore the stories, imagery, and reference data in more depth. Properties with no value in the reference are marked unavailable.