25MnManganese54.9380443[Ar] 3d⁵ 4s²
transition metal
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25. It is not found as a free element in nature; it is often found in combination with iron, and in many minerals. Manganese is a metal with important industrial metal alloy uses, particularly in stainless steels.
A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.
Electrons by shell
Electron configuration
3d5
4s2
18 is the [Ar] core total across three shells.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 25
- Atomic mass
- 54.938044 u
- Phase
- Solid
- Density
- 7.21 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 1,519 K
- Boiling point
- 2,334 K
- First ionization energy
- 717.3 kJ/mol
- Electronegativity
- 1.55
- Electron affinity
- -50 kJ/mol
- Molar heat capacity
- 26.32 J/(mol·K)
- Period
- 4
- Appearance
- silvery metallic
Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.
Keep exploring
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