8OOxygen15.999[He] 2s² 2p⁴
diatomic nonmetal

Oxygen

Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8. It is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetal and oxidizing agent that readily forms compounds (notably oxides) with most elements. By mass, oxygen is the third-most abundant element in the universe, after hydrogen and helium.

Electronic structure

A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.

Electrons by shell
Electron configuration
2s2
2p4
Properties

At a glance

Atomic number
8
Atomic mass
15.999 u
Phase
Gas
Density
1.429 g/L
Melting point
54.36 K
Boiling point
90.188 K
First ionization energy
1,313.9 kJ/mol
Electronegativity
3.44
Electron affinity
140.976 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity
Unavailable
Period
2
Appearance
Unavailable

Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.

Keep exploring

Explore the stories, imagery, and reference data in more depth. Properties with no value in the reference are marked unavailable.