Lead
Lead (/lɛd/) is a chemical element in the carbon group with symbol Pb (from Latin:plumbum) and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable and heavy post-transition metal. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed to air.
A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.
54 is the [Xe] core total across five shells.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 82
- Atomic mass
- 207.21 u
- Phase
- Solid
- Density
- 11.34 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 600.61 K
- Boiling point
- 2,022 K
- First ionization energy
- 715.6 kJ/mol
- Electronegativity
- 1.87
- Electron affinity
- 34.4204 kJ/mol
- Molar heat capacity
- 26.65 J/(mol·K)
- Period
- 6
- Appearance
- metallic gray
Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.
Keep exploring
Explore the stories, imagery, and reference data in more depth. Properties with no value in the reference are marked unavailable.