28NiNickel58.69344[Ar] 3d⁸ 4s²
transition metal
Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white lustrous metal with a slight golden tinge. Nickel belongs to the transition metals and is hard and ductile.
A stylized shell model. Electrons are quantum objects, not particles following these literal paths. Sizes and motion are illustrative.
Electrons by shell
Electron configuration
3d8
4s2
18 is the [Ar] core total across three shells.
At a glance
- Atomic number
- 28
- Atomic mass
- 58.69344 u
- Phase
- Solid
- Density
- 8.908 g/cm³
- Melting point
- 1,728 K
- Boiling point
- 3,003 K
- First ionization energy
- 737.1 kJ/mol
- Electronegativity
- 1.91
- Electron affinity
- 111.65 kJ/mol
- Molar heat capacity
- 26.07 J/(mol·K)
- Period
- 4
- Appearance
- lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
Conditions and isotopes affect measured properties. Some properties of short-lived elements are predicted. Electronegativity uses the Pauling scale.
Keep exploring
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